Refereed full papers (journals, book chapters, international conferences)

1997

@inproceedings{RGT1997,
	vgclass =	{refpap},
	vgproject =	{cbir},
	author =	{Yossi Rubner and Leonidas Guibas and Carlo Tomasi},
	title =	{The Earth Mover's Distance, Multi-Dimensional Scaling, and
	Color-Based Image Retrieval},
	booktitle =	{Proceedings of the ARPA Image Understanding Workshop},
	month =	{May},
	year =	{1997},
	abstract =	{In this paper we present a novel approach to the problem
	of navigating through a database of color images. We consider the
	images as points in a metric space in which we wish to move around so
	as to locate image neighborhoods of interest, based on color
	information. The database images are mapped to distributions in color
	space, these distributions are appropriately compressed, and then the
	distances between all pairs $I, J$ of images are computed based in the
	work needed to rearrange the mass in the compressed distribution
	representing $I$ to that of $J$. We also propose the use of
	multi-dimensional scaling (MDS) techniques to embed a group of images
	as points in a two- or three-dimensional Euclidean space so that their
	distances are preserved as much as possible. Such geometric embeddings
	allow the user to perceive the dominant axes of variation in the
	displayed image group. In particular, displays of 2-$d$ MDS embeddings
	can be used to organize and refine the results of a nearest-neighbor
	query in a perceptually intuitive way. By iterating this process, the
	user is able to quickly navigate to the portion of the image space of
	interest.},
}